BAB 9
۹ – الْأَسِيْرُ
۶۱ – لَا يَجُوْزُ الْاِسْتِسْلَامُ لِلْأَسْرِ
61. Surrendering Oneself to Captivity is Not Allowed
61. Tidak Boleh Menyerah untuk Ditawan.
۱۷۸.الْإِمَامُ عَلِيٌّ عليه السلام :مَنِ اسْتُؤْسِرَ مِنْ غَيْرِ جِرَاحَةٍ مُثْقِلَةٍ فَلَا يُفْدَى مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ، وَ لكِنْ يُفْدَى مِنْ مَالِهِ إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَهْلُهُ .(٤1)
178. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He who allows himself to be imprisoned without sustaining severe wounds should not be ransomed by the treasury, rather his family may choose to pay his ransom from his own money. (92)
۱۷۹.الْإِمَامُ الصَّادِقُ عليه السلام :لَمَّا بَعَثَ رَسُوْلُ الله صلى الله عليه و آله بِبَرَاءَةٍ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ عليه السلام بَعَثَ مَعَهُ أُنَاسًا، وَ قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وَ آله :مَنِ اسْتُؤْسِرَ مِنْ غَيْرِ جِرَاحَةٍ مُثْقِلَةٍ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا .(٥4)
178. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘When the Prophet (SAWA) sent Ali (AS) to propagate the Qur’anic chapter al-Bara’a [chapter ], he sent a few men with him and told them, ‘A man who surrenders himself without suffering severe wounds does not belong among us.’ (105)
۶۲ – الْإِحْسَانُ إِلَى الْأَسِيْرِ
62. Do Good to The Prisoner of War
62. Berbuat Baik kepada Tawanan.
(وَ يُطْعِمُوْنَ الطَّعَامَ عَلَى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِيْنًا وَ يَتِيْمًا وَ أَسِيْرًا). (١7)
“They give food, for the love of Him, to the needy, the orphan and the prisoner” (88)
Allah Yang Maha Tinggi berfirman: “Dan mereka memberikan makanan yang disukainya kepada orang miskin, anak yatim, dan orang yang ditawan.” (19).
(يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبيُّ قُلْ لِمَنْ فِيْ أَيْدِيْكُمْ مِنَ الْأَسْرَى إِنْ يَعْلَمِ اللهُ فِيْ قُلُوْبِكُمْ خَيْرًا يُؤْتِكُمْ خَيْرًا مِمَّا أُخِذَ مِنْكُمْ وَ يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ وَاللهُ غَفُوْرٌ رَحِيْم. (٢10)
“O Prophet! Say to the captives who are in your hands, ‘If Allah finds any good in your hearts, He will give you [something which is] better than what has been taken away from you, and He will forgive you, and Allah is all-forgiving, all-merciful.” (911)
Allah Yang Maha Tinggi berfirman: “Hai Nabi, katakanlah kepada tawanan-tawanan yang ada di tanganmu: “Jika Allah mengetahui ada kebaikan dalam hatimu, niscaya Dia akan memberikan kepadamu yang lebih baik dari apa yang telah diambil darimu dan Dia akan mengampuni kamu.” Dan Allah Maha Pengampun lagi Maha Penyayang.” (212).
۱۸۰.الْإِمَامُ عَلِيٌّ عليه السلام :إِطْعَامُ الْأَسِيْرِ وَ الْإِحْسَانُ إِلَيْهِ حَقٌّ واجِبٌ، وَ إِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ مِنَ الْغَدِ. (٣13)
180. Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Feeding the prisoner and treating him well is an obligatory duty, even if you are to execute him the next day.’ (1014)
۱۸۱.عنه عليه السلام – لِابْنَيْهِ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ لَمَّا ضَرَبَهُ ابْنُ مُلْجَمَ – :احْبِسُوْا هذَا الْأَسِيْرَ، وَ أَطْعِمُوْهُ، وَاسْقُوْهُ، وَ أَحْسِنُوْا إِسَارَهُ. (٤16)
181. Imam Ali (AS) said to his sons, after Ibn Muljim struck him, ‘Imprison this captive and feed him, quench his thirst, and make his captivity endurable.’ (1117)
۱۸۲.الْإِمَامُ الصَّادِقُ عليه السلام :إِطْعَامُ الْأَسِيْرِ حَقٌّ عَلَى مَنْ أَسَرَهُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ يُرَادُ مِنَ الْغَدِ قَتْلُهُ، فَإِنَّهُ يَنْبَغِيْ أَنْ يُطْعَمَ وَ يُسْقَى وَ يُظَلَّ وَ يُرْفَقَ بِهِ، كَافِرًا كَانَ أَوْ غَيْرَهُ. (٥19)
182. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Feeding the prisoner is the obligatory duty of the person who captured him, even if he intends to execute him the next day; he must be fed, given water, sheltered, and treated well – whether he is a disbeliever or not.’ (1220)
۱۸۳.عنه عليه السلام :إِنَّ عَلِيًّا عليه السلام كَانَ يُطْعِمُ مَنْ خُلِّدَ فِي السِّجْنِ مِنْ بَيْتِ مَالِ الْمُسْلِمِيْنَ. (٦22)
183. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Imam Ali (AS) used to feed those who were sentenced to life imprisonment using the money of the Muslim treasury.’ (1323)